The Diadenosine Polyphosphates Ap,A and Ap,A and Adenosine Triphosphate Interact With Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor to Delay Neutrophil Apoptosis: Implications for Neutrophi1:Platelet Interactions During Inflammation

Induction of Apoptosis on K562 Cell Line and Double Strand Breaks on Colon Cancer Cell Line Expressing High Affinity Receptor for Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating factor (GM-CSF)

Background: Immunotoxins are comprised of both the cell targeting and the cell killing moieties. We previously established a new immunotoxin, i.e. Shiga toxin granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (StxA1-GM-CSF), comprises of catalytic domain of Stx, as a killing moiety and GM-CSF, as a cell targeting moiety. In this study, the ability of the immunotoxin to induce apoptosis and dou...

Cytokine-activated Endothelial Cells Delay Neutrophil Apoptosis In Vitro and In Vivo: A Role for Granulocyte/Macrophage Colony-stimulating Factor

The activation of endothelium is important in recruiting neutrophils to sites of inflammation and in modulating their function. We demonstrate that conditioned medium from cultured, activated endothelial cells acts to significantly delay the constitutive apoptosis of neutrophils, resulting in their enhanced survival and increased phagocytic function. The antiapoptotic activity is, in part, attr...

Effects of diadenosine polyphosphates on tear secretion in New Zealand white rabbits.

Extracellular diadenosine polyphosphates play important signaling functions in a number of physiological responses. Here we show that diadenosine polyphosphates are normal constituents of tear fluid and are potent stimulators of tear secretion through their interaction with P2Y receptors. Diadenosine tetraphosphate (Ap(4)A) and Ap(5)A were found in rabbit tears under basal conditions at concent...

Comparison of T7- and Lac-Based Systems for the Periplasmic Expression of Human Granulocyte Macrophage Colony Stimulating Factor in Escherichia coli

Expression and Secretion of Human Granulocyte Macrophage-Colony Stimulating Factor Using Escherichia coli Enterotoxin I Signal Sequence

With the aim of the secretion of human granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) in Escherichia coli, hGM-CSF cDNA was fused in-frame next to the signal sequence of ST toxin (ST-I) of exteroxigenic E. coli, containing 53 or 19 amino acids of signal peptide. The fused STsig::hGM-CSF coding fragments were inserted into a T7-based expression plasmid. The recombinant plasmids were ...